The Effect of Chronic Exposure to Volatile Fuel Vapors on Biomarkers of Liver and Kidney Function, Lipid Profiles, and Complete Blood Count Among Gas Station Workers in Sebha City

الملخص

This study aimed to evaluate the impact of chronic occupational exposure to volatile fuel vapors on biochemical markers and complete blood count (CBC) among gas station workers in Sebha City during 2026. A comparative cross-sectional study was conducted involving 200 male participants, including 100 workers occupationally exposed to fuel vapors with an average daily working time of 9.2 hours, and 100 non-exposed individuals serving as the control group, recruited from workplaces without fuel exposure.

Venous blood samples were collected and analyzed for liver enzymes, kidney function, lipid profiles, and complete blood count (CBC). Statistical analyses were performed using SPSS software, applying the independent-samples t-test.

Results revealed a statistically significant increase (α<0.05) in alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity among exposed workers compared to controls, with 21% of exposed workers showing values above the normal range, while aminotransferase enzymes (AST, ALT) remained within normal limits. Kidney function indicators demonstrated functional stability despite statistical differences in some parameters, as all values remained within reference ranges.

Regarding lipid profiles, a significant decrease in high-density lipoprotein (HDL) levels was observed, accompanied by an increase in low-density lipoprotein (LDL) levels, indicating early disturbances in lipid metabolism among exposed workers. Additionally, CBC results showed significant elevations in red blood cell indices (RBC, Hgb, HCT) and mean platelet volume (MPV).

The study concludes that chronic exposure to fuel vapors induces early metabolic alterations even in the absence of overt clinical signs, underscoring the importance of implementing regular health monitoring programs and adherence to personal protective equipment to mitigate risks.